01 記名提單在國際貿易中常用嗎(記名提單、不記名提單、指示提單在國際貿易中使用情況如何？)

記名提單,不記名提單和指示提單在國際貿易的使用情況如何

記名提單可以避免轉讓過程中可能給貨方帶來風險，但由于該提單原則上不能轉讓，銀行不接受這種提單，所以在國際貿易中使用不多。

不記名提單目前在實際業務中極少使用。

指示提單是一種可轉讓提單，持有人可以通過背書的方式把它轉讓給第三者，而無須經過承運人認可，所以這種提單為買方所歡迎。

記名提單、不記名提單、指示提單在國際貿易中使用情況如何？

指示提單（Order Bill of Lading）,是指提單上收貨人一欄內載明“憑某人指示”（to Order）或“憑指示”(to the Order of)字樣的提單

前者稱為不記名指示提單，承運人應按記名的指示人的指示交付貨物；后者叫記名指示提單，承運人按托運人的指示交付貨物

提單背面內容主要有：法律訴訟條款；承運人責任條款；免責條款；有關改航、換裝、改卸目的港、甲板貨物、危險貨物、冷藏貨物、裝貨、卸貨、交貨、共同海損等條款；賠償條款；運費條款；留置權條款等

國際上規定提單背面條款的公約：海牙規則（最為重要）、維斯比規則、漢堡規則

記名提單（Named (nominate) bill of lading ），指規定將貨物運給記名人而不載明待指定或待分配（to order or assigns）的提單

指定的收貨人在向承運人或其代理人交出一份提單正本時則取得交付的貨物

盡管記名提單是一種權利憑證，但它是不可流通的

在我國，記名提單不得轉讓

參見《海商法》第79條

不記名提單（BLANK B/L 或 OPEN B/L）是指向無論是誰只要是提單持有人的人交付貨物的提單

若提單1、明確指出它是不記名提單；2、它將收貨人指為不記名；3、它作為指示提單但未能表明根據誰的指示；或4、它是空白背書的指示提單

不記名提單無需背書即可轉讓

記名提單、不記名提單、指示提單在國際貿易中使用情況如何？

記名提單只能是指定的收貨人提貨，不能轉讓，故銀行不愿接受這種提單作為議付證件，因而在國際貿易實務中極少使用。

不記名提單在提單的收獲欄內不填寫收貨人或是指示人的名稱而留空，或只填寫“來人”（Bearer)字樣，可不用任何背書就能將提單轉讓或是提取貨物。因而安全性極差，幫在實際業務中不使用。

指示提單在提單收獲欄內要填寫“憑指定”，“憑發貨人指定”，可以能過背書轉讓給他人，在國際貿易實務中使用較為普遍。

誰能告訴我一些關于外貿中經常用到的英語。

1. As we are in the market for…, we should be pleased if you would send us your best quotations.

 In the market for…: 需求…

 Best quotations: most favorable quotations 最優惠的報價

2. We have seen your advertisement in … and shall be glad if you will send us particulars of ….

 Particular: details 詳細情況

3. If you can supply goods of the type and quality required, we may place regular orders for large quantities.

 Goods of the type and quality: 此種類型和質量的產品

 Place orders/ an order: 下訂單

place a substantial order 大量訂購

4. It gives us much pleasure to send you the catalogues asked for in your letter of….

 Give sb much pleasure to do… 很高興做某事

 Asked for: required 要求的

5. We regret to inform you that we are not in a position to 買粉絲ver your need for the said goods. Once our suppliers are replenished, we shall be only too pleased to revert to this matter.

 Regret to inform sb: 很遺憾的通知…

 Not in a position to do : unable to do 無法，不能夠

 Cover one’s need: 滿足…的需求

 Replenish: 補充，補給

 Revert to this matter: 回復此事

6. We have much pleasure in enclosing a quotation sheet for our procts and trust that their high quality will ince you to place a trial order.

 Enclose: 隨函附上

 Quotation sheet: 報價單

 Ince sb to do: 促使某人做…

 Trial order: 嘗試訂單

7. We put forward for your 買粉絲nsideration an offer for our new procts, and hope you will take advantage of this opportunity.

 Put forward an offer: 提出一個報價

 Take advantage of this opportunity: 利用這次機會

8. Please be informed that, on ac買粉絲unt of the fluctuations of foreign exchange, the quotation is subject to change without previous notice.

 Be informed that…請知悉

 Fluctuation: 上下波動

 Foreign exchange: 外匯

 Be subject to: 常有，易受 having a tendency to

e.g. The trains are subject to delays when there is fog.

9. You enquiry of January 10, 19.. has been referred to us for attention as we are the exporters of the articles you require.

 Be referred to sb. for attention: 提交給某人，請某人關注

 Articles: procts, goods, 買粉絲modities 貨物

10. As the goods of your specifications are in short supply, we intend to furnish you with our 買粉絲modity as a substitute, which is of good quality and very close to your specifications but will be offered at a more favorable price.

 Specifications: 規格

 In short supply: 短缺 (out of stock 缺貨)

 Substitute: alternative 替代品

 Favorable: 優惠的 (most favored nation 最惠國)

Instruct sb. 指示某人/某行

In one’s favor 以…為受益人的

Be authorized to do 被授權作…

Draft 匯票

Bill of lading 提單

Commercial invoice 商業發票

Insurance policy / certificate保單

In plicate 一式兩份

In triplicate 一式三份

Certificate of origin 原產地證明 Transshipment 轉運

Partial shipments 分批裝運 Expire 到期

Expiry date 到期日

Uniform Customs & Practice for Documentary credit跟單信用證統一慣例

International Chamber of Commerce國際商會

Useful expressions

1. Our terms of payment are by 買粉絲nfirmed, irrevocable L/C in our favor, available by draft at sight, reaching us one month ahead of shipment, remaining valid for negotiation in China for another 21 days after the prescribed time of shipment, and allowing transshipment and partial shipments.

Negotiation 議付

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