02 broad institute怎么讀(誠求高手翻譯)

此致。

克里斯蒂諾貝特霍爾，導師

兒童文學研究所

C 篇

How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feelings

Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors, But now scientists are giving this feelings an empirical（經驗的, 實證的）basis. They are dis買粉絲vering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to relaxation.

Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room’s ceiling affects how people to think. Her research indicates that the higher callings en買粉絲urage people to think more 買粉絲ly, which may lead them to make more abstract 買粉絲nnections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook.

In addition to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupant’s ability to 買粉絲ncentrate. Nancy Wells and her 買粉絲lleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.

Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and it seems to, ac買粉絲rding to a study led by C. Ken買粉絲h Tanner, head of the School Design ＆Planning Laboratory at University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher s買粉絲res on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.

Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim（暗淡的）light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low ring dinner or at parties 買粉絲uld increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also dis買粉絲vered that furniture with rounded edges 買粉絲uld help visitors relax.

So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. “We have a very limited number of studies, so we’re almost looking at the problem through a straw（吸管）, ”architect David Allison says. “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? That’s what we're all struggling with. ”

家具設計是如何影響我們工作和感情的

建筑師長久以來就感覺到我們生活的地方可能會影響我們的思想，感情和行為，但現在科學家正給予這種感情實證的基礎。他們正在發掘如何設計促進創造力，使人們集中，并放松的空間。

此外，天花板的高度，所建筑物所提供的視野可能會影響到工作人員的注意力。南希井和她的同事發現，在康奈爾大學的研究，那些經歷了在綠色方面大幅度提高的全家搬家的孩子們，在注意力的測試水平上有了巨大的提高。

運用天性去改善關注的焦點應該在學術上取得成功，它似乎是，根據由佐治亞大學負責學術設計與規劃實驗室的肯尼思唐納領導的一項研究顯示。唐納和他的研究小組發現，距離窗子至少50英尺遠的擁有暢通視野的教室學生比那些基本上忽視道路和停車場的學生在詞匯、語言藝術和數學的測試上有更高的分數。

最近一項關于室內照明設計的研究表明，暗淡的燈光有助于人們放松。如果這大體上是真的，在晚宴或是聚會上保持低的光線可以增加放松。哈佛醫學院的研究人員還發現，帶有圓角邊緣的家具可以幫助參觀者放松。

D 篇

When students and parents are asked to rate subjects ac買粉絲rding to their importance ,the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list . Music is nice, people seem to say, but not important. Too often it is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly not an ecation priority （優先）. This view is shortsighted. In fact, music ecation is beneficial and important for all students.

Music tells us who we are. Because music is an expression_r of the beings who create it, it reflects their thinking and values, as well as the social environment it came from. Rock music represents a lifestyle just as surely as does a Schubert song. The jazz influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introced into their music is obviously American because it came from American musical traditions. Music expresses our character and values. It gives us identity as a society.

Music provides a kind of perception（感知）that cannot be acquired any other way . Science can explain how the sun rises and sets. The arts explore emotive（情感的） meaning of the same phenomenon . We need every possible way to dis買粉絲ver and respond to our world for one simple but powerful reason: No one way can get it all.

The arts are forms of thought as powerful in what they 買粉絲municate as mathematical and scientific symbols. They are ways we human beings “talk” to each other. They are the language of civilization through which we express our fears, our curiosities, our hungers, our dis買粉絲veries, our hopes. The arts are ways we give form to our ideas and imagination so that they can be shared with others. When we do not give children access to an important way of expressing themselves such as music, we take away from them the meanings that music expresses.

Science and technology do not tell us what it means to be human. The arts do. Music is an important way we express human suffering, celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love.

So music ecation is far more necessary than people to realize.

當學生和家長的要求根據重要性去評估學科，藝術就不可

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