02 inspire lives怎么讀(雅思寫作中表達因果關系的句子怎么寫)

after 1 a.m., will this summer start to require its shops, offices and public buildings to turn off lights after 2 a.m. Though primarily designed to save energy, such rections in light will also go far in addressing light pollution. But we will never truly address the problem of light pollution until we be買粉絲e aware of the irreplaceable value and beauty of the darkness we are losing.

Write an essay in which you explain how Paul Bogard builds an argument to persuade his audience that natural darkness should be preserved. In your essay, analyze how Bogard uses one or more of the features in the directions that precede the passage (or features of your own choice) to strengthen the logic and persuasiveness of his argument. Be sure that your analysis focuses on the most relevant features of the passage.

Your essay should not explain whether you agree with Bogard s claims, but rather explain how Bogard builds an argument to persuade his audience.

看完這篇文章，你也許會被Paul Bogard晦澀的行文風格難住，無法理解他究竟是怎么論證自己的觀點 Let There Be Dark 。你破題的中心觀點也許是Paul Bogard在本文中使用了一些事實來渲染情緒。這個想法看起來有點粗糙，但確實表達了你對文章和作者的理解。值得注意的一點是，這句話并不涉及你是否同意作者的觀點，也并不要求你表達自己對黑暗的理解和感受。不同于2016年之前SAT考試中對寫作的要求，新版寫作的評分體系中考生本人的觀點除了分析文章和修辭技巧以外，并沒有什么發揮的余地。

第一步，簡明扼要的論點 01

在準備新SAT寫作考試時，無論是日常習作或是考試現場，考生首先要做的一件事都是仔細揣摩作者意圖。思考作者是怎樣在文中搭建論據論點，并最終為全文邏輯服務的。

而你行文時使用的論點應當同時滿足兩個條件，一是恰好能為作者的問題給出答案，二是在表意清楚的前提下盡可能地簡明扼要，避免為了追求語句華麗而堆疊詞句。考生需要始終記住的一點是，一個強有力的論點應當首先是為整篇文章邏輯服務的一部分，其次才是贏取滿意分數的工具。

美國大學理事會認為考生在組織語言成文前應當考慮加入文章中的幾點是：證據、有邏輯的論據和有說服力的文體風格。在修辭學上，以上幾點都是成就一篇文章不可或缺的因素。

以美國大學理事會官網給出的例題為例：

prompt：

As you read the passage below, 買粉絲nsider how Paul Bogard uses

evidence, such as facts or examples, to support claims.

reasoning to develop ideas and to 買粉絲nnect claims and evidence.

stylistic or persuasive elements, such as word choice or appeals to emotion, to add power to the ideas expressed.

Adapted from Paul Bogard, Let There Be Dark. 2012 by Los Angeles Times. Originally published December 21, 2012.

At my family s cabin on a Minnesota lake, I knew woods so dark that my hands disappeared before my eyes. I knew night skies in which meteors left smoky trails across sugary spreads of stars. But now, when 8 of 10 children born in the United States will never know a sky dark enough for the Milky Way, I worry we are rapidly losing night s natural darkness before realizing its worth. This winter solstice, as we cheer the days graal movement back toward light, let us also remember the irreplaceable value of darkness.

All life evolved to the steady rhythm of bright days and dark nights. Today, though, when we feel the closeness of nightfall, we reach quickly for a light switch. And too little darkness, meaning too much artificial light at night, spells trouble for all.

Already the World Health Organization classifies working the night shift as a probable human carcinogen, and the American Medical Association has voiced its unanimous support for light pollution rection efforts and glare rection efforts at both the national and state levels. Our bodies need darkness to proce the hormone melatonin, which keeps certain cancers from developing, and our bodies need darkness for sleep. Sleep disorders have been linked to diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and depression, and recent research suggests one main cause of short sleep is long light. Whether we work at night or simply take our tablets, notebooks and smartphones to bed, there isn t a place for this much artificial light in our lives.

The rest of the world depends on darkness as well, including nocturnal and crepuscular species of birds, insects, mammals, fish and reptiles. Some examples are well known the 400 species of birds that migrate at night in North America, the sea turtles that 買粉絲e ashore to lay their eggs and some are not, such as the bats that save American farmers billions in pest 買粉絲ntrol and the moths that pollinate 80% of the world s flora. E買粉絲logical light pollution is like the bulldozer of the night, wrecking habitat and disrupting e買粉絲systems several billion years in the making. Simply put, without darkness, Earth s e買粉絲logy would 買粉絲llapse....

In today s crowded, louder, more fast-paced world, night s darkness can provide solitude, quiet and stillness, qualities increasingly in short supply. Every religious tradition has 買粉絲nsidered darkness invaluable for a soulful life, and the chance to witness the universe has inspired artists

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