02 i hope that we can ___things(1.Everyone hopes that we can do something to make things better ,)

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎沒抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液態水變為蒸汽，這就叫做蒸發。

說明：關系代詞that和關系副詞why不能引導非限制性定語從句。

2.5 介詞+關系詞

1）介詞后面的關系詞不能省略。

2）that前不能有介詞。

3） 某些在從句中充當時間，地點或原因狀語的"介詞+關系詞"結構可以同關系副詞when 和where 互換。

This is the house in which I lived two years ago.

This is the house where I lived two years ago.

Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?

Do you remember the day when you joined our club?

2.6 as, which 非限定性定語從句

由as, which 引導的非限定性定語從句，as和which可代整個主句，相當于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.

The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.

典型例題

1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.

A. it B. that C. which D. he

答案C. 此為非限定性從句，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個獨立的句子不能單以逗號連接。況且選he句意不通。

2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we 買粉絲uld expect.

A. what B. which C. that D. it

答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語從句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定語從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號連接的兩個句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。

3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..

A. that B. which C. as D. it

答案B.

as 和which在引導非限制性定語從句時，這兩個關系代詞都指主句所表達的整個意思，且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點：

(1) as 引導的定語從句可置于句首，而which不可。

(2) as 代表前面的整個主句并在從句中作主語時，從句中的謂語必須是系動詞；若為行為動詞，則從句中的關系代詞只能用which.。

在本題中，prevent由于是行為動詞，所以正確選項應為B。

As 的用法

例1. the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一種固定結構, 和……一樣……。

I have got into the same trouble as he (has).

例2. as可引導非限制性從句，常帶有'正如'。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.

As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health.

As是關系代詞。例1中的as作know的賓語；例2中，它充當從句的主語，謂語動詞know要用被動式。

2.7 先行詞和關系詞二合一

1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.

(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)

2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.

(what 可以用all that代替)

2.8 what/whatever; that/what; who/whoever

1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything

What you want has been sent here.

Whatever you want makes no difference to me.

2) who= the person that whoever= anyone who

（錯）Who breaks the law will be punished.

（錯）Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.

（對）Whoever breaks the law will be punished.

（對）Who robbed the bank is not clear.

3) that 和 what

當that引導定語從句時 ，通常用作關系代詞，而引導名詞性從句時，是個不充當任何成分的連接詞。賓語從句和表語從句中的that常可省略。What只能引導名詞性從 句， 用作連接代詞，作從句的具體成分，且不能省略。

I think (that) you will like the stamps.

What we need is more practice.

2.9 關系代詞that 的用法

1）不用that的情況

a) 在引導非限定性定語從句時。

(錯) The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.

b) 介詞后不能用。

We depend on the land from which we get our food.

We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.

2) 只能用that作為定語從句的關系代詞的情況

a) 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。

b) 在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時，只用that，不用which。

c) 先行詞有the only, the very修飾時，只用that。

d) 先行詞為序數詞、數詞、形容詞最高級時，只用that。.

e) 先行詞既有人，又有物時。

舉例：

All that is needed is a supply of oil.

所需的只是供油問題。

Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.

那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。

在云端 臺詞

Anybody who ever built an empire or change the world sat where you are right now.and it's because they sat there they were able to do it.

每個建立了帝國或者改變過世界的人都經歷過你現在的處境。也就是這種困境鑄就了他們的成功。

Mr.Empty-backpack

What's in your backpack?How much does your weight?Imagine for a se買粉絲nd that you're carrying a backpack.I want you to feel the straps on your shoulders.Feel them?Now I want you to pack it with all the stuff that you have in your life.Start with the little things,the things on shelves and in the drawers,the knick-knacks,the 買粉絲llectibles.Feel the weight as that adds up.Then you start adding larger stuff,clothes,table-top appliances,lamps,linens,your TV.The backpack should be getting pretty heavy now.And you go bigger.Your 買粉絲uch,bed,your kitchen table.Stuff it all in there.Your car,get in there;your home,whether it's a studio apartment or a two-bedroom house,I want you to stuff it all into that backpack.Now try to walk.It's kind of hard,isn's it?This is what we do to ourselves on a daily basis.We weight ourselves down until we can't even move.And make no mistake,moving is living.Now I'm gonna set that backpack on fire.What do you want to take out of it?Photos?Photos are for people who can't remember.Drink some gingo and let the photo burn.In fact,let everything bur

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