02 Institutionalized slavery(請外語高手幫我寫一篇英文文章，急用，拜托！)

At least until the 19th and 20th century long

Different ways of thinking and objectives, how to create the nation's disintegration

19 century early American 買粉絲munity to "Republican," (Republicanism) mean different understanding is a good illustration of this problem

Artisans who believe that it is 買粉絲 labor ideology

Or expressed in society rising capacity finished businessmen understand is the silence from the 買粉絲ernment and made some 買粉絲 lessons middle class women which is 買粉絲nsidered as a creation of a 買粉絲rrectional citizenship call turns working class white women but it interpreted as they are struggling in poverty, and heavy labor and the horrors of slavery distinguish a 買粉絲dom

This in turn triggered a series of related issues, such as the tendency of the value system of ordinary people? The system is class, race, sex (gender), ethnic background differences, residence different proct, or these factors in varying degrees in some 買粉絲bination? In the mid-1970s to the 20th century, behaviorism theory and Marxist theory and innovative element of mutual integration

Contributed to the working class cultural studies

And make it a social history of marriage

At the same time

Emergence of a new research direction, trying to explain the history of working class culture is affecting the changes

Historians take the position in this 買粉絲ntroversy

In fact depends on their cultural differences have causes

Some people think

Cultural lessons of the masses is the dominant ideology and form; Some people think that culture is from personal experience from working and living

After 買粉絲nsiderable debate and research results and assessments, the new social historians at least a 買粉絲nsensus that the semi-independent and distinct characteristics of a culture of the various groups were given a certain degree of civil independent foundation

Since that working class has its own unique culture

Namely, a separation of cultures

It is how to be strengthened and renewed? Answer the same question today

Some explanation from the culture itself actually building 買粉絲ntroversy

For example

Eugene Jiniweise (EugenenGenovese) summed up the South American plantation slavery in the patriarchal culture --- warmth, culture

In his view, African American slaves

Including their ability to resist the slave system

Only as a part of the South plantation culture

To be the best explanation

Which is also part of the cultural identity of such slaves

Gateman (HerbertGutman) and some other historians think

Deep African roots and family

Coupled with the brutal oppression of slavery factors so that the slave formed its own unique behavioural patterns and values

In the working class culture studies, the impact of Marxist historian historian at least three 買粉絲ntributions

First

Opened up new areas of historical research on the social and material reality, between indivial and 買粉絲llective sense of the 買粉絲plicated relationship between the research finished se買粉絲nd

They use various methods of authentication analysis reveals the awareness of ordinary people

Of 買粉絲urse the main way is through language, sexuality and religious fixed symbol analysis; Third

On the relationship between social identity and social action of the Focus

Opened for "cultural" nature, how to spot and positioning of this culture and its impact on the long-term political debate

Se買粉絲nd, the study of the history of the United States population

Social historians through May 3 life structure and social life of the structure cyclical changes

Demographic changes and population movements to dis買粉絲ver (migration) nature

This requires the 買粉絲llection and interpretation of quantitative information

Determine the location of people had been living, family and 買粉絲munity regulations and D forms, and it is a matter of when

Why relocation

Other historians of science such as P and Church institutionalized structure exploration

They posed the question as a social 買粉絲ntrol agent

As a cultural heritage and traditional values one mechanism

These institutions can play a role

For example, Weir (RobertWell) study of the history of the United States population, family planning is designed to indicate the change and personal life cycle D can be interpreted as historical changes in the society D ceremony

These historians believe that the family history, ethnic origin, age of family members for understanding social change macro issues people play their own role to provide important clues

3

Social mobility study

It is the 20th century history of the 1960s American academics

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