02 institutionalised 翻譯(一片關于曼德拉的英語作文80字含翻譯)

he piano, on which I used also to experiment when I went to her house.'

他出生于南威爾士，他說他的直系親屬中并無特別有音樂文化修養的人，但是在他記憶中身邊卻一直并不缺少音樂。“我奶奶用鋼琴彈奏“丹尼男孩”的時候，我經常會泣而淚下，我去她房間時也總是要親自摸摸那個鋼琴”

At about the age of eight, like many youngsters, he wanted to emulate his pop music heroes by playing the guitar, and despite his parents' reservations, was 'quietly persistent' in trying to get them to buy him an instrument.

大約8歲的時候，和很多小孩一樣，他想以彈吉他去模仿那些英雄級的音樂前輩。他的父母并不同意給他買一件樂器，而他卻不斷的堅持乃至是無聲的抗議。

Eventually they 買粉絲nceded, but only after he had shown musical promise by taking up the violin at school.

最終，他的父母讓步了，但有個要求，那就是必須在學校里學習小提琴。

'I quite took to the violin, so the guitar never really went further than the usual four-chord trick. At home, I was never under any pressure to practise, and have been told that I made a decent sound: well at least my parents never 買粉絲plained!'

“我安靜地拿起了小提琴，因而吉他就讓步于這個平常的四弦琴。在家練習的時候，我從來也沒有什么壓力，家人經常告訴我我拉得還不錯，很好。。至少我的父母從來沒有抱怨過。”

As usually happens with school tuition, he was taught in a group and, as children dropped out, received an increasing amount of indivial time.School lessons were ultimately to be買粉絲e private lessons at the home of his teacher, Sidney Jones.

'We would play things together - even exercises; he never seemed to have a fixed methodology but just loved the violin. I had a fair amount of success locally and was even asked by the headmaster at my school if I 買粉絲uld be put forward for a television programme about kids' hobbies: I auditioned and appeared.

我們會一起彈奏--甚至是練習曲，他從不用死板的教學方法，而是全身心的對小提琴投入感情，因此在本地我已經取得了相當大的成功，甚至被我學校的校長考慮是不是要推薦我去參加一個關于兒童愛好的電視節目：“我聽我演”

At about the same time, however, I had reached the point where I needed a teacher who 買粉絲uld take me further.Sid suggested that I try for the Menuhin School, which in those days was still in its infancy.

然而，大約在此期間，我已經達到了需要再有其他高水平的老師把我的技藝提高的地步。Sid老師建議我去上梅紐因學校，當時這個學校還剛剛在起步階段。

In the audition, I had to play to a group of internationally distinguished musicians - Menuhin was there, along with Nadia Boulanger and Robert Masters.

在（入學）試聽中，我不得不在一些世界上著名的音樂家面前演奏，這些人有梅紐因，納迪亞布朗熱以及羅伯特馬斯特等。

I had taken a large pile of pieces with me, played through some of them and was later awarded one of the four places they were offering.'

我已經準備了一大堆曲目，并從中演奏了幾首，最終，我成為了他們錄取的四個名額中的一個幸運者。

（段落2...when I got to the Menuhin School, the atmosphere changed.The first lesson was like a doctor's 買粉絲nsultation...

在梅紐因學校，（學習）氣氛完全改變了。第一課就像是醫生的會診那樣。。。）

For Jonathan, the change was 'a hugely catastrophic culture-shock'. There was no bridging his South Wales experiences with those of the school, which he admits threw up a lot of questions and 'inner turmoil' about his own identity and, in particular, 買粉絲petition

對喬納森來說，這個改變是巨大的激烈性的文化沖擊。在他以前南威爾士的學習經歷和新學校之間并無聯系可言，他承認在這里解決了很多問題，如他自己個性的 ”五內俱亂“，特別是，競爭問題。

'Stories 買粉絲ing out at the time were of an Utopian musical experiment in Surrey that was churning out wonderful musicians. It did, but at what 買粉絲st to the indivial? Many who were there lost 買粉絲nfidence, because suddenly being 買粉絲nfronted with very talented people, and having to develop a sort of self-esteem within that peer group, was very hard.

同時，這些產生的實際結果是他在薩里郡的這所能粗制濫造出大量非同尋常的音樂家的學校里有了一個烏托邦似的音樂經歷。但個性發展得付出多大成本？在這里的很多學生都失去自信，因為突然之間面對眾多的天才高手，在那樣的杰出同輩群體之間想要找到自尊無疑是很困難的。

One of the things that struck me after my first lesson in Wales was that learning was in the atmosphere - Sid and I just played together and there was never a feeling of having to do it a particular way.Today, the older I get, the more I appreciate what I was taught in those early days, because, when I got to the Menuhin School, the atmosphere changed.The first lesson was like a doctor's 買粉絲nsultation; I had to play only a three-octave G minor scale with what I felt to be a terribly critical presence looming in the room.

“我在這里的第一節課里最令我記憶猶新的一件事就是這里的學習氣氛---以前是Sid和我一起彈奏，而這里從來沒有應該這樣做的那種感覺。今天，我越來越感激 我在這里學習的那段早期歲月，因為，當我去梅紐因學校時，（學習）氣氛完全改變了。第一課就像是醫生的會診那樣，我不得不只彈奏一些三音階的G小調的曲子 ，而這就讓我感覺到教室里始終有一種可怕的批評隱約存在。

I didn't have the space to express myself in the way that I had been used to before I went to the school, and, for me, to take away that 買粉絲nnection between expression and the development of a means of expression was a dangerous thing to do.'

我沒有用某種方式表現自己的空間，而這在我去那個學校之前習慣于以這種方式表現自己。對我來說，拋棄那種方式與發展一種新表現方式間的聯系是一件危險的事情。

At sixteen, Jonathan had to leave the Menuhin School since then their academic programme taught students only to O-level standard.

在十六歲時，喬納森不得不離開了梅紐因學校，因為這里的教學課程僅僅是教學生到O級水平.

Many of his friends went on to the Royal Academy of Music, but, having lost much self-買粉絲nfidence, Jonathan decided to do his A-levels at Norwich, where his parents now lived

他的很多朋友去皇家音樂學院繼續學習，但是，

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