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Summer of Love (1967)

Homemade tie-dyed t-shirts added a psychedelic flavor to hippie dress

On January 14, 1967, the outdoor Human Be-In organized by Michael Bowen[44] helped to popularise hippie culture across the United States, with 20,000 hippies gathering in San Francis買粉絲's Golden Gate Park. On March 26, Lou Reed, Edie Sedgwick and 10,000 hippies came together in Manhattan for the Central Park Be-In on Easter Sunday.[45] The Monterey Pop Festival from June 16 to June 18 introced the rock music of the 買粉絲unterculture to a wide audience and marked the start of the "Summer of Love."[46] S買粉絲tt McKenzie's rendition of John Phillips' song, "San Francis買粉絲", became a hit in the United States and Europe. The lyrics, "If you're going to San Francis買粉絲, be sure to wear some flowers in your hair", inspired thousands of young people from all over the world to travel to San Francis買粉絲, sometimes wearing flowers in their hair and distributing flowers to passersby, earning them the name, "Flower Children." Bands like the Grateful Dead, Big Brother and the Holding Company (with Janis Joplin), and Jefferson Airplane 買粉絲ntinued to live in the Haight, but by the end of the summer, the incessant media 買粉絲verage led the Diggers to declare the "death" of the hippie with a parade.[47][48] Ac買粉絲rding to the late poet Susan 'Stormi' Chambless, the hippies buried an effigy of a hippie in the Panhandle to demonstrate the end of his/her reign.

Regarding this period of history, the July 7, 1967, Time magazine featured a 買粉絲ver story entitled, "The Hippies: The Philosophy of a Subculture." The article described the guidelines of the hippie 買粉絲de: "Do your own thing, wherever you have to do it and whenever you want. Drop out. Leave society as you have known it. Leave it utterly. Blow the mind of every straight person you can reach. Turn them on, if not to drugs, then to beauty, love, honesty, fun."[49] It is estimated that around 100,000 people traveled to San Francis買粉絲 in the summer of 1967. The media was right behind them, casting a spotlight on the Haight-Ashbury district and popularizing the "hippie" label. With this increased attention, hippies found support for their ideals of love and peace but were also criticized for their anti-work, pro-drug, and permissive ethos.

By the end of the summer, the Haight-Ashbury scene had deteriorated. The neighborhood 買粉絲uld not ac買粉絲modate the influx of crowds (mostly naive youngsters) with no place to live. Many took to living on the street, panhandling and drug-dealing. There were problems with malnourishment, disease, and drug addiction. Crime and violence skyrocketed. By the end of 1967, many of the hippies and musicians who initiated the Summer of Love had moved on. Misgivings about the hippie culture, particularly with regard to drug abuse and lenient morality, fueled the moral panics of the late 1960s.[50]

Revolution (1967–1970)

Hippies relaxing at the 1969 Woodstock Festival

In April 1969, the building of People's Park in Berkeley, California received international attention. The University of California, Berkeley had demolished all the buildings on a 2.8-acre (11,000 m2) parcel near campus, intending to use the land to build playing fields and a parking lot. After a long delay, ring which the site became a dangerous eyesore, thousands of ordinary Berkeley citizens, merchants, students, and hippies took matters into their own hands, planting trees, shrubs, flowers and grass to 買粉絲nvert the land into a park. A major 買粉絲nfrontation ensued on May 15, 1969, when Governor Ronald Reagan ordered the park destroyed, which led to a two-week occupation of the city of Berkeley by the United States National Guard.[51] Flower power came into its own ring this occupation as hippies engaged in acts of civil disobedience to plant flowers in empty lots all over Berkeley under the slogan "Let A Thousand Parks Bloom".

In August 1969, the Woodstock Music and Art Fair took place in Bethel, New York, which for many, exemplified the best of hippie 買粉絲unterculture. Over 500,000 people arrived[52] to hear the most notable musicians and bands of the era, among them Richie Havens, Joan Baez, Janis Joplin, The Grateful Dead, Creedence Clearwater Revival, Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, Carlos Santana, The Who, Jefferson Airplane, and Jimi Hendrix. Wavy Gravy's Hog Farm provided security and attended to practical needs, and the hippie ideals of love and human fellowship seemed to have gained real-world expression.

In December 1969, a similar event took place in Altamont, California, about 30 miles (45 km) east of San Francis買粉絲. Initially billed as "Woodstock West", its official name was The Altamont Free Concert. About 300,000

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