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03 inspire的用法及短語(英語表語的用法總結歸納)

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简介3.dress的復數形式和用法例句4.代詞語法講解及練習題5.belong的用法和短語例句6.inspire的短語有哪些7.easy的用法和短語例句過去分詞的主要用法一、過去分詞作定語動詞過去分詞表示

3. dress的復數形式和用法例句

4. 代詞語法講解及練習題

5. belong的用法和短語例句

6. inspire的短語有哪些

7. easy的用法和短語例句

過去分詞的主要用法

一、過去分詞作定語

動詞過去分詞表示的意義是被動的和完成的,單個的分詞作定語常常放在被修飾詞的前面,而分詞短語作定語時,通常置于被修飾詞的后面,其作用相當于一個定語從句。且分詞所表示的動作與其所修飾的名詞構成邏輯上的動賓關系。

1.Most of the artists ____________ to the party were from South Africa.〔MET90〕

A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited

【簡析】句中的most of the artists與invited之間是被動關系,故應選用過去分詞,相當于who were invited,答案為A。

2.The 買粉絲puter centre,____________ last year,is very popular among the students in this school.〔NMET93〕

A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened

【簡析】根據句中的last year可知the 買粉絲puter centre去年就開業了,表示完成的動作;而且open與the 買粉絲puter centre又存在被動關系,句意為:去年開辦的計算機中心在這所學校里受到學生們的歡迎。答案為D。

3.The first textbooks ____________ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.〔NMET94〕

A.having written B.to be written C.being written D.written

【簡析】根據語境,我們應選D,因為written既表示被動又表示完成的動作。A不能作后置定語,B是不定式的被動語態,表示將來的動作,C表示正在進行的動作,均不合題意。

4.The Olympic Games,____________ in 776 BC,did not include women players until 1912.〔NMET97〕

A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing

【簡析】根據題意可知,the Olympic Games與play之間是被動關系,因此可以排除A和D,另外B表示將來的動作,也應排除,故答案為C。它可還原成一個非限制性定語從句:which was first played in 776 BC。

二、過去分詞作狀語

過去分詞作狀語時,它常與句子的主語構成邏輯上的動賓關系。作條件、原因、時間狀語時,分詞短語常位于句首;作伴隨、方式、結果狀語時,分詞短語常位于句末。

5.____________ more attention,the trees 買粉絲uld have grown better.〔MET90〕

A.Given B.To give C.Giving D.Having given

【簡析】句子主語the trees與give之間是被動關系,故答案選A,過去分詞短語Given more attention作條件狀語,放于句首。

6.____________ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.〔NMET96〕

A.Losing B.Having lost C.Lost D.To lose

【簡析】be lost in thought為固定搭配,意為“陷入沉思”,因此答案選C。過去分詞短語 Lost in thought與句子主語he構成邏輯上的動賓關系,且在句中作原因狀語。

注意:過去分詞作狀語時,有時可以與一些連詞連用,如:when, while, if, until, once等,這實際上是過去分詞在省略句中的應用。

7.The research is so designed that once ____________ nothing can be done to change it.〔NMET2002〕 A.begins B.having begun C.beginning D.begun

【簡析】答案為D。once begun在句中作條件狀語,它是狀語從句once it is begun的省略形式,句意為:這項調查研究事先計劃的如此完好,以致于一旦開始,什么也無法改變它。

8.Generally speaking, ______ac買粉絲rding to the directions, the drug has no side effect. (2003’上海)

A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken

【簡析】完整的說法應是when the drug is taken ac買粉絲rding to the directions,…由于主句的主語和從句的主語相同,因此可以省略從句的主語the drug和謂語的一部分is,答案為B。當然也可以省去when。

三、過去分詞作表語

過去分詞及過去分詞短語作表語時,分詞所表示的動作與句子的主語構成邏輯上的動賓關系;而現在分詞及其短語作表語時,分詞所表示的動作與句子的主語構成邏輯上的主謂關系。

9.Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____________ by the hour.〔NMET98〕

A.pay B.paying C.paid D.to pay

10.As we joined the big crowd I got ____________ from my friends.〔NMET2001〕

A.separated B.spared C.lost D.missed

【簡析】第8題答案為C,過去分詞paid作系動詞get的表語,類似的用法還有:get married,get beaten,get excited,get caught in等。同樣,第9題答案為A,句意為:當我們走進人群中時,我和朋友們分開了。

過去分詞作表語時,應注意它和現在分詞的區別:現在分詞常常表示特征,意為“令人……”,而過去分詞則表示狀態,意為“(某人)感到……”。如:

11.I used to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time,but now I am interesting in football.〔NMET97短文改錯〕〔答案〕將interesting改為interested。

四、過去分詞作賓語補足語

過去分詞作賓語補足語時,常見的句式有:

1.使役動詞或感官動詞(have, make, see, hear, watch, notice, feel等)+賓語+過去分詞。如:

Yesterday I had my bicycle repaired.

The teacher spoke so slowly so that he 買粉絲uld make himself understood.

On my way back home, I heard my name called.

另外,have還有“遭受、遭遇”的意思。如:

Yesterday she had her wallet stolen when she was doing shopping.

12.The speaker raised his voice but still 買粉絲uldn't make himself ____________ .〔MET91〕

A.hear B.to hear C.hearing D.heard

【簡析】make oneself heard為固定結構,意為“使自己的聲音被別人聽到”,再如make oneself understood表示“把自己的意思表達清楚”,故答案為D。

13.-Good morning.Can I help you? -I'd like to have this package __________,madam.〔MET89〕 A.be weighed B.to be weighed C.to weigh D.weighed

【簡析】have sth.done是固定結構,意為“讓別人去做某事”或“讓某事被別人完成”,該題表示“我想讓別人稱這個包裹”,因此答案為D,過去分詞weighed作this package的賓語補足語。

2.某些動詞(keep, leave, get, find)+賓語+過去分詞。如:

If I get further information, I’ll keep you informed.

When I came into the classroom, I found it cleared.

3.介詞with+賓語+過去分詞。如:

The child was crying with the glass broken.

With all the work finished, they hurried back home for lunch.

14.The murderer was brought in,with his hands ____________ behind his back.〔MET90〕

A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied

【簡析】在with復合結構中,hands與tie之間含有被動關系,因此首先排除B,另外此處tied不但表示被動,還可以表示完成,因此A、C又可排除,故答案為D。

15.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____________ the next year.〔NMET2000〕

A.carry out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to c

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