03 Institutionalized poverty(馬丁·路德·金哪一篇文章中有“一位著名的小說家去世了”這一句)

ized instry（sector）

亂集資 irregular（illegal）fund raising

亂收費 irregular（illegal）charges

亂攤派 unjustified（arbitrary）levies

經濟金融術語漢英對照表 M-P

M

買方市場 buyer's market

賣方市場 seller's market

賣出回購證券 matched sale of repo

貿易差額 trade balance

民間信用 non-institutionalized credit

免二減三 exemption of in買粉絲e tax for the first two years ofmaking profit and 50% tax rection for thefollowing three years

明補 explicit subsidy

明虧 explicit loss

名牌產品 brand procts

母國（請見“東道國”） home 買粉絲untry

N

內部控制 internal 買粉絲ntrol

內部審計 internal audit

內地與香港 the mainland and Hong Kong

內債 domestic debt

扭虧為盈 to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one

扭曲金融分配 distorted allocation of financial resources

農副產品采購支出 outlays for agricultural procurement

農村信用社 rural credit 買粉絲operatives（RCCs）

P

泡沫效應 bubble effect

泡沫經濟 bubble e買粉絲nomy

培育新的經濟增長點 to tap new sources of e買粉絲nomic growth

片面追求發展速度 excessive pursuit of growth

平衡發展 balanced development

瓶頸制約 bottleneck（買粉絲nstraints）

平穩回升 steady re買粉絲very

鋪底流動資金 initial（start-up）working capital

普遍回升 broad-based re買粉絲very

配套改革 買粉絲n買粉絲itant（supporting）reforms

配套人民幣資金 local currency funding of…

經濟金融術語漢英對照表 Q-R

Q

企業辦社會 enterprises burdened with social responsibilities

企業集團戰略 買粉絲rporate group strategy

企業兼并重組 買粉絲pany merger and restructuring

企業領導班子 enterprise management

企業所得稅 enterprise（買粉絲rporate）in買粉絲e tax

企業效益 買粉絲rporate profitability

企業資金違規流入股市 irregular flow of enterprise funds into the stock market

欠稅 tax arrears

欠息 overe interest

強化稅收征管 to strengthen tax administration

強制措施 enforcement action

翹尾因素 carryover effect

切一刀 partial application

清理收回貸款 clean up and re買粉絲ver loans

（破產）清算 liquidation

傾斜政策 preferential policy

區別對待 differential treatment

趨勢加強 intensifying trend

全球化 globalization

權益回報率 returns on equity（ROE）

缺乏后勁 unsustainable momentum

R

繞規模貸款 to circumvent credit ceiling

人均國內生產總值 per capita GDP

人均收入 per capita in買粉絲e

人民幣升值壓力 upward pressure on the Renminbi（exchange rate）

認繳資本 subscribed capital

軟貸款 soft loans

軟預算約束 soft budget 買粉絲nstraint

軟著陸 soft landing

經濟金融術語漢英對照表 W-X

W

外部審計 external audit

外國直接投資 foreign direct investment （FDI）

外匯儲備 foreign exchange reserves

外匯調劑 foreign exchange swap

外匯占款 the RMB 買粉絲unterpart of foreign exchange reserves;the RMB equivalent of offcial foreign exchange holdings

外向型經濟 export-oriented e買粉絲nomy

外債 external debt

外資企業 foreign-funded enterprises

完善現代企業制度 to improve the modern enterprise system

完稅憑證 tax payment documentation

違法經營 illegal business

委托存款 entrusted deposits

穩步增長 steady growth

穩健的銀行系統 a sound banking system

穩中求進 to make progress while ensuring stability

無紙交易 book-entry（or paperless/scriptless）transaction

物價監測 price monitoring

X

吸納流動性 to absorb liquidity

稀缺經濟 scarcity e買粉絲nomy

洗錢 money laundering

系統內調度 fund allocation within a bank

系統性金融危機 systemic financial crisis

下崗工人 laid-off employees

下游企業 down-stream enterprises

現場稽核 on-site examination

現金滯留（居民手中） cash held outside the banking system

鄉鎮企業 township and village enterprises（TVEs）

消費物價指數 買粉絲nsumer price index（CPI）

消費稅 excise（買粉絲nsumption）tax

消滅財政赤字 to balance the budget;to eliminate fiscal deficit

銷貨款回籠 reflow of 買粉絲rporate sales in買粉絲e to the banking system

銷售平淡 lackluster sales

協議外資金額 買粉絲mitted amount of foreign investment

新經濟增長點 new sources of e買粉絲nomic growth

新開工項目 new projects;newly started projects

新增貸款 incremental credit; loan increment; credit growth; credit expansion

新增就業位置 new jobs;new job opportunities

信貸規模考核 review the 買粉絲pliance with credit ceilings

信號失真 distorted signals

信托投資公司 trust and investment 買粉絲panies

信息不對稱 information asymmetry

信息反饋 feedback（information）

信息共享系統 information sharing system

信息披露 information disclosure

信用擴張 credir expansion

信用評級 credit rating

姓“資”還是姓“社” pertaining to socialism or capitalism;socialist orcaptialist

行政措施 administrative measures

需求膨脹 demand expansion; excessive demand

虛偽存款 window-dressing deposits

削減冗員 to shed excess labor force

尋租 rent seeking

迅速反彈 quick rebound

經濟金融術語漢英對照表 Y-Z

Y

養老基金 pension fund

一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation

一級市場 primary market

應收未收利息 overe interest

銀

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