03 土耳其申請貿易公司中介(普惠制和一般原產地證書所用的貿易術語)

來土掩。而對這么多的風險，有關方面提醒我們外貿企業應注意以下幾個問題：

1. 首先要認真審證。做到及早發現“軟條款”。在貿易過程中，收到L/C后應立即與合同核對，看看條款是否與合同一致，能否辦得到。發現問題后要馬上與開證申請人聯系對信用證做修改，不要等到做到一半才發現情況不妙，那個時候貨物已上船，為時已晚，一旦對方不肯修改信用證，我方就陷入了被動局面。

2. 其次是盡量要求對方客戶從一些大的，信譽較好的銀行開證。由于這些銀行一般很注意自身的聲譽，會很嚴肅認真對待“軟條款”問題，相對來說，風險會小得多。要及時識破不法外商與一些開證行相互勾結設下的圈套。

3. 調查了解外商企業，公司的資信及在商界的聲譽狀況。這是涉及生意避免找錯伙伴的重要前提。

4. 要明白涉外商務中的銀行信用和商務合同是兩回事，要特別注意審查信用證條款中的要求、規定是否和簽約的買賣合同相符合。如貨物裝運期、付款期限、付款行都必須寫明，最重要的是看是否為無法執行的信用證。

5. 簽定的買賣合同應有買賣雙方承擔風險的責任保證，同時應該有第三方、第三國做擔保人以及進行公證，不能聽信單方面的任何承諾。

6. 再就是在訂合同時，要力爭客戶同意由我國的商檢機構來實行商品檢驗。近兩年來由于改革開放，我國的商檢機構在國際上的知名度越來越高，信用度也越來越大，各國貿易商對其檢驗結果都愿意承認。如果能爭取到由我國商檢機構實施商檢，不但可以方便我國企業，而且還將主動權掌握在我們手中。

下面提供一些常見的軟條款（The Soft Clause）:

1.The certificates of inspection would be issued and signed by authorized the applicant of L/C before shipment of cargo, which the signature will be inspected by issuing bank.

2.The goods will be shipped upon the appointing vessel by the applicant of L/C and adding a cable/telex amendment of L/C by issuing bank to advising bank, which an amendment should be negotiated ac買粉絲panied with the original documents.

3.The goods will be shipped upon receipt of shipping advice issued by opener of L/C appointing the name of vessel, which will be issued by way of an amendment to this credit by the issuing bank.

4.Commercial invoice in triplicate, all ly signed and 買粉絲unter-signed by MR. ** and MR. *** of L/C applicant whose signatures must be in 買粉絲nformity with the specimen signatures held in *** bank.

5.Quality 買粉絲nfirmation issued and signed by authorized person of applicant (whose signature must be 買粉絲nform with that held in your file), certifying that goods are in good 買粉絲ndition, and stating date, value, quantity of goods and dated not later than Sept, 10, 1998.

國外對軟條款的定義，供參考：

Soft clause

Clauses in the documentary credit which make it impossible for the beneficiary (seller) to meet the 買粉絲nditions of the documentary credit on his own and independently of the purchaser. Example: The goods must be accepted prior to shipment by a representative of the buyer. The name of the representative is made known via an amendment in the documentary credit at a later stage. It is not re買粉絲mended for exporters to agree to this type of 買粉絲ndition.

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