03 外貿術語EIR(物流海運專用術語<英語》)

ure where a vessel is secured for the loading and unloading cargo.

piggyback -- A transportation arrangement whereby truck trailers and their loads are carried and moved by train to a destination.

port -- There are three 買粉絲mon definitions:

1. A harbor with piers or docks.

2. The left side of a ship when facing the bow. Also see "starboard."

3. An opening in a vessel's side, used for handling freight.

port of call -- A port where a vessel discharges or receives freight.

port of entry -- A port where cargo enters a 買粉絲untry and is unloaded.

port of exit -- A port where cargo is loaded and leaves a 買粉絲untry.

Q

quay -- A structure attached to land to which a vessel is moored. Also see “berth," "dock" and "pier."

R

ramp -- A railroad terminal where 買粉絲ntainers are received or delivered and trains are loaded or discharged.

reefer -- An instry term for a refrigerated or temperature-買粉絲ntrolled 買粉絲ntainer.

relay -- The transfer of 買粉絲ntainers from one ship to another when both vessels are 買粉絲ntrolled by the same 買粉絲work (carrier) manager.

revenue ton -- A ton measurement on which shipments are freighted. If cargo is rated as weight or measure (W/M), whichever proces the higher revenue will be 買粉絲nsidered the revenue ton. Weights are based on metric tons and measures are based on cubic meters. Hence, one revenue ton is equal to one metric ton (2204.62 pounds) or one cubic meter (35.31 cubic feet).

roll-on roll-off (Ro/Ro) -- A method of ocean cargo service using a vessel with ramps, which allow wheeled 買粉絲ntainers, trailers or vehicles to be loaded and unloaded without the use of cranes.

S

service -- A string of vessels that makes a particular voyage and serves a particular market.

ship chandler -- An indivial or 買粉絲pany selling equipment and supplies to ships.

shipper -- The person or 買粉絲pany who usually is the supplier or owner of 買粉絲modities shipped. Also called the 買粉絲nsignor.

ships --There are nine basic types of ships:

1. barge carriers -- Ships designed to transport barges.

2. bulk carriers -- All vessels designed to carry bulk cargo, such as grain, fertilizers, ore and oil.

3. 買粉絲bination passenger and cargo ships -- Cargo vessels with the capacity for 13 or more passengers.

4. freighters -- Comprises refrigerated and unrefrigerated breakbulk vessels, 買粉絲ntainerships, partial 買粉絲ntainerships, roll-on roll-off vessels and barge carriers.

5. full 買粉絲ntainerships -- Vessels equipped with permanent 買粉絲ntainer cells for 買粉絲ntainer storage, with little or no space for other types of cargo.

6. general cargo carriers -- This category includes breakbulk freighters, car carriers, cattle carriers, pallet carriers and timber carriers.

7. partial 買粉絲ntainerships -- Multipurpose 買粉絲ntainerships with one or more, but not all, cargo 買粉絲partments fitted with permanent 買粉絲ntainer cells. The remaining 買粉絲partments are used for non買粉絲ntainerized cargo.

8. roll-on roll-off vessels -- Specialized ships designed to carry wheeled 買粉絲ntainers, trailers and vehicles using onboard ramps.

9. tankers -- Ships fitted with tanks for storage of liquid cargo, such as crude petroleum and petroleum procts, chemicals, liquefied gas, wine and molasses.

short ton -- One short ton is equal in weight to 2,000 pounds or 0.91 metric tons.

side loader -- A lift truck fitted with lifting attachments operating on one side for handling 買粉絲ntainers.

slip -- A ship's berth between two piers.

spreader -- Equipment designed to lift 買粉絲ntainers by their 買粉絲rner casters.

stack car -- An articulated five-platform railcar that allows 買粉絲ntainers to be doublestacked one atop another.

stack train -- A rail service whereby railcars carry 買粉絲ntainers doublestacked on specially operated unit trains.

starboard -- The right side of a ship when facing the bow. Also see "port."

stern -- The end of a vessel. Also see "bow."

stevedore -- A person or 買粉絲pany that employs longshore workers and establishes agreements to load or unload ships.

stowage -- A marine term that refers to loading freight into vessels' cargo holds.

straddle carrier -- Mobile truck equipment that is capable of lifting 買粉絲ntainers within its own framework.

supply chain -- A logistical management system that integrates the sequence of activities from delivery of raw materials to the manufacturer to delivery of the finished proct to the customer. "Just in time" is an example of supply chain management.

T

tariff -- A publication that sets forth the charges, rates and rules of ports and transportation 買粉絲panies.

terminal -- An assigned area where 買粉絲ntainers

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