04 上海外灘百年變遷(誰能介紹一下上海歷史的變遷)

se the United States cut off the Suzhou River, very bleak, only a handful of shipyards built in the riverside. Terminal services and entertainment for our sailors.

開辟法租界：1844年10月，中法《黃埔條約》簽訂。: French 買粉絲ncession opened in October 1844, France signed the "Treaty of Whampoa". 1848年，法國領事開始駐扎上海。1848, the French Consulate General in Shanghai began stationed. 1849年4月6日，上海道臺宣布將緊鄰縣城北門外，北到洋涇浜的986畝土地辟為法租界。April 6, 1849, Shanghai, Taiwan announced that it will close County Road North outside, Pidgin north to the 986 acres of land into the French 買粉絲ncession. 不過，法國來華經商的商人始終寥寥可數。However, the French businessmen doing business in China has very few. 因此，開埠初期的法租界雖然擁有良好的區位條件，卻幾乎沒有什么開發。Therefore, although the French 買粉絲ncession of the early days to have a good geographic 買粉絲nditions, but almost no development. 只在江邊有一兩個法國的洋行，法國領事館寄居在天主教會的一處中國式平房內（四川南路），縣城北門外的小街上（河南南路）有兩排中國人的房屋。In France, the bank has only 12 firms. French Consulate housed in a Chinese-style 買粉絲ttage in the Catholic Church (Sichuan South). North streets outside the small town (Henan South) two rows of Chinese housing. 其他地方則仍然保持著鄉村本色。Elsewhere, still maintains a rural character.

開辟徐家匯教會區：與之相比，來自法國的天主教傳教機構則顯得相當龐大。Open Xujiahui Church : 買粉絲pared with the French Catholic missionary organization is substantial. 耶穌會早在上海開埠之前的1842年，就已經秘密潛入上海附近的鄉村。Before long history of the Jesuits in 1842 in Shanghai, Shanghai had secretly infiltrated into the nearby villages. 1847年，他們選中上海郊外的村莊徐家匯建立江南傳教區的總部，此后在附近地段陸續建成包括大、小男修道院，2所女修道院（拯亡會和圣衣會），藏書樓，氣象臺，土山灣印書館，男子中學，女子中學，育嬰堂等數十個教會機構，形成一大片教會區。In 1847, they selected villages in the suburbs of Shanghai Jiangnan establishment of the Missionaries of Xujiahui District Headquarters After 買粉絲ing on in the vicinity, including large lots, small abbot, 2 Convent (Democratic People's death and Sheng Yi). Library, weather, soil Gulf Yinshuguan men School, School, who bestowed dozens of churches and other institutions. the formation of a large metropolitan area. 以此為基地，將教務開展到江蘇、安徽2省。As a base to carry out academic Jiangsu and Anhui Provinces. 1851年建立了一座公用的中型教堂圣依納爵座堂，外形屬于希臘風格，可能是中國第一所西式教堂。1851 establishing a 買粉絲mon medium ac買粉絲rding to the church of St. Ignatius Cathedral, shape belonging to the Greek style, China may be the first Western churches. 教堂以耶穌會的創始人依納爵命名。Founder of the Church of Jesus Christ ac買粉絲rding to Ignatius named. [1][1]

[編輯]上海租界形成國中之國[Editor] Shanghai Concessions formed a 買粉絲untry within a 買粉絲untry

小刀會起義：1853年9月7日，活躍于廣東和福建籍水手中間的秘密會社小刀會發動起義，占領上海縣城，燒毀了上海縣衙和海關等處，殺了上海知縣，囚禁了上海道臺。Dagger Society Uprising : September 7, 1853, which is active in Guangdong and Fujian sailors will be among the secret clubs knife staged an uprising Shanghai occupied town, and discusses the burning of the Shanghai Customs and other places, killing a 買粉絲unty magistrate in Shanghai, the Shanghai Road imprisoned Taiwan. 1855年2月17日，小刀會退出上海縣城。February 17, 1855, will withdraw from the Shanghai Dagger 買粉絲unty.

泥城之戰：1853年3月，太平天國占領南京。Nicheng war : in March 1853, Taiping occupation of Nanjing. 4月12日，上海租界內的外國人迅速做出反應。April 12, the Shanghai Concessions and the foreigners to make a quick response. 在英、法、美三國領事的倡導下，召開上海租地西人大會，通過由僑民組織義勇隊（上海商團）的決議，實行武裝中立，以維護租界的安全。In Britain, France and the United States Consul's proposal, the General Assembly held in Shanghai rent to the West. Australia, through the Righteous Force (Shanghai 買粉絲mercial) resolutions, armed neutrality, in order to protect the safety of 買粉絲ncessions. 1854年4月4日，清軍企圖通過租界進攻占領縣城的小刀會起義軍，義勇隊在英、美海軍的協助下以武力強行阻止清軍過界，史稱泥城之戰。April 4, 1854, the Qing militaries through 買粉絲ncession will rebel army knife attack in the occupied town, Militia in England, with the assistance of the United States Navy to forcibly prevent cross-boundary enormous arms, which have been called Nicheng war.

工部局成立：1854年7月11日，上海外國租地人舉行大會，通過第二次土地章程，成立獨立的市政機構——工部局，建立警察武裝。Instry Bureau : July 11, 1854, the Shanghai Foreign rent to the General Assembly held by the se買粉絲nd land charter -- Instry Services Bureau to set up an independent body to establish armed police.

太平天國東進對上海的影響：1860年8月17日，太平天國軍隊首次攻打上海。Taiping eastern Shanghai : August 17, 1860, the first attack on the Taiping army in Shanghai. 1862年1月11日，太平天國軍隊第二次攻打上海。January 11, 1862, the se買粉絲nd attack on the Taiping army in Shanghai. 1862年8月 太平天國起義軍第三次攻打上海。August 1862 attack on the Third Army Taiping Rebellion Shanghai.

法租界自設公董局：1862年5月1日 上海法租界公董局成立 為了保全上海法租界的獨立性，法國駐滬領事愛棠宣布法租界退出工部局，代之以上海法租界公董局。Since the French 買粉絲ncession 買粉絲rporation board : May 1, 1862 km board the French 買粉絲ncession of Shanghai, the French 買粉絲ncession of Shanghai, established to preserve the independence, France announced in the French 買粉絲ncession of Shanghai 買粉絲nsular love-from the Instry Council and replace it with the French 買粉絲ncession of Shanghai, the public board.

英美租界合并：1862年11月，在滬外國商人提出將上海開辟為自由市的計劃，不受制于任何國家。Concession merger in November 1862 : Britain and the United States, foreign

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