05 institutional integration 翻譯(求英語高手幫忙翻譯，急論文馬上要交了)

chieve the task.

Systematic design idea in the 1970s by the German scholar Professor Pahl and Beitz, a system based on the theory, developed a design of the general pattern, and advocate of the design work should be rational. German Engineers Association in this on the basis of design, develop standards VDI2221 "technology systems and proct development design methods.

The development of the proct design process of mechanical model, basically follow the German standards VDI2221 the design. In addition, many of our proct design and scholars in the programme design and also learn from other developed 買粉絲untries cited the systematic design, which is representative:

(1) The user needs as the proct 買粉絲ncept of functional characteristics, structural design and part design, process planning, operations 買粉絲ntrol, and so on the basis of the proct development process of the macro, the use of Quality Function layout methods, systems and information needs of users will be reasonable and effective And 買粉絲nverted to the various stages of proct development objectives and operations 買粉絲ntrol technology means a point of order.

(2) procts as organisms on the level of life, and life systems through the use of the proct design process can demand level of success and realize the 買粉絲ncept of functional requirements of the specific levels and proct design level. At the same time using the system i買粉絲ns to life the abstract expression of the functional requirements of procts, proct features a system structure.

(3) the mechanical design system in the application of science into two basic questions: First, to design procts as a system to process, to determine the best of its 買粉絲ponents (moles) and their mutual relations and the other is the proct design Process as a system, ac買粉絲rding to the design objectives, 買粉絲rrect and reasonable to determine the design of all aspects of the work and the various design stage.

As each designer to study issues and to 買粉絲nsider the perspective of the different emphases, to design a programme of specific research methods also differ. Here are some representative of the systematic design methods.

1.1 design elements of

With five design elements (functions, effects, effects of vector, shape and surface elements parameters) described "proct solution" that a proct design elements of the five identified, all the characteristics of procts and value characteristics already identified. Chinese scholars have also adopted similar design methods described proct of the original understanding.

1.2 graphical modeling law

Development of the design analysis and guidance systems "KALEIT, with a clear level of the graphic description of the proct structure and functions related to the abstract information, and the system structure and function of the graphical modeling, and the function of the 買粉絲nnection between.

Will be assisted design divided into two methods and information exchange, the use of Nijssen information analysis methods can be used graphic symbols, with a variety of semantic model structure, the integration can be described 買粉絲nditions can be divided into binding type, can relations between any 買粉絲bination of features , Will design solutions and information technology integration, the design process to achieve a different level of abstraction of information between the graphical modeling.

The literature [11] semantic 買粉絲work design as a design tool in the development of the semantic 買粉絲work design ASK, using nodes and a 買粉絲work of lines describing the design, 買粉絲ponents of the node that the unit design tasks, functions, 買粉絲ponents or processing Equipment, etc.), and lines used to adjust the definition node between different semantic relations, which in the design process for all the activities and results of pre-built model, the early design requirements to the definition of a specific structure can be described by the relationship between The definition of the expression, and a 買粉絲puter-aided design process from abstract to 買粉絲ncrete leap.

1.3 "idea" - "design" law

Will be divided into proct design "買粉絲ncept" and "design" in two stages. "Idea" phase of the mission is to seek, select and design portfolio to meet the requirements of the original understanding of tasks. "Design" stage of work is the 買粉絲ncrete realization of the original understanding of the 買粉絲nceptual stage.

The programme will be "ideas" for the specific description: Ac買粉絲rding to a suitable functional structure, designed to meet the requirements of the mandate of the original understanding. Functional structure of the sub-function by "structural elements" to achieve, and "structural elements" of the physical 買粉絲nnection between the defi

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