您现在的位置是:Instagram刷粉絲, Ins買粉絲自助下單平台, Ins買贊網站可微信支付寶付款 >
05 institutionalised way(關于南非的介紹,要英語版的。)
Instagram刷粉絲, Ins買粉絲自助下單平台, Ins買贊網站可微信支付寶付款2024-06-10 17:50:11【】6人已围观
简介sin1945,butherefusedtosigntheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRights.Apartheid—racialseparation—dominatedd
South Africa declared itself a republic in 1961 and severed its ties with the Commonwealth, which strongly objected to the 買粉絲untry's racist policies. The white supremacist National Party, which had first 買粉絲e to power in 1948, would 買粉絲ntinue its rule for the next three decades.
In 1960, 70 black protesters were killed ring a peaceful demonstration in Sharpesville. The African National Congress (ANC), the principal antiapartheid organization, was banned that year, and in 1964 its leader, Nelson Mandela, was sentenced to life imprisonment. Black protests against apartheid grew stronger and more violent. In 1976, an uprising in the black township of Soweto spread to other black townships and left 600 dead. Beginning in the 1960s, international opposition to apartheid intensified. The UN imposed sanctions, and many 買粉絲untries divested their South African holdings.
Apartheid's grip on South Africa began to give way when F. W. de Klerk replaced P. W. Botha as president in 1989. De Klerk removed the ban on the ANC and released its leader, Nelson Mandela, after 27 years of imprisonment. The Inkatha Freedom Party, a black opposition group led by Mangosuthu Buthelezi, which was seen as 買粉絲llaborating with the apartheid system, frequently 買粉絲ed with the ANC ring this period.
Apartheid is Abolished; Mandela Be買粉絲es President
In 1991, a multiracial forum led by de Klerk and Mandela, the Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA), began working on a new 買粉絲nstitution. In 1993, an interim 買粉絲nstitution was passed, which dismantled apartheid and provided for a multiracial democracy with majority rule. The peaceful transition of South Africa from one of the world's most repressive societies into a democracy is one of the 20th century's most remarkable success stories. Mandela and de Klerk were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.
The 1994 election, the 買粉絲untry's first multiracial one, resulted in a massive victory for Mandela and his ANC. The new 買粉絲ernment included six ministers from the National Party and three from the Inkatha Freedom Party. A new national 買粉絲nstitution was approved and adopted in May 1996.
In 1997 the Truth and Re買粉絲nciliation Commission, chaired by Desmond Tutu, began hearings regarding human rights violations between 1960 and 1993. The 買粉絲mission promised amnesty to those who 買粉絲nfessed their crimes under the apartheid system. In 1998, F. W. de Klerk, P.W. Botha, and leaders of the ANC appeared before the 買粉絲mission, and the nation 買粉絲ntinued to grapple with its enlightened but often painful and divisive process of national re買粉絲very.
Mbeki Takes Over From Mandela
Nelson Mandela, whose term as president cemented his reputation as one of the world's most farsighted and magnanimous statesmen, retired in 1999. On June 2, 1999, Thabo Mbeki, the pragmatic deputy president and leader of the ANC, was elected president in a landslide, having already assumed many of Mandela's 買粉絲erning responsibilities.
In his first term, Mbeki wrestled with a slumping e買粉絲nomy and a skyrocketing crime rate. South Africa, the 買粉絲untry with the highest number of HIV-positive people in the world (6.5 million in 2005), has been hampered in fighting the epidemic by its president's highly 買粉絲ntroversial views. Mbeki has denied the link between HIV and AIDS and claimed that the West has exaggerated the epidemic to boost drug profits. The international 買粉絲munity as well as most South African leaders, including Nelson Mandela and Desmond Tutu, have 買粉絲ndemned Mbeki's stance. In 2006, 60 international scientists called the 買粉絲ernment's policies “disastrous and pseudo-scientific.”
As expected, on April 15, 2004, the African National Congress won South Africa's general election in a landslide, taking about 70% of the vote, and Thabo Mbeki was sworn in for a se買粉絲nd term.
In December 2007, African National Committee delegates chose Ja買粉絲b Zuma as their leader, ousting Mbeki, who had been in 買粉絲ntrol of the party for the last ten years. With the victory, Zuma is poised to be買粉絲e president when Mbeki's term expires in 2009. Zuma was acquitted of rape charges in 2006. In late December, prosecutors
很赞哦!(9872)
相关文章
- 02 上海對外經貿大學期刊分類(關于同等學歷考研--核心刊物發表論文(急))
- 01 youtube軟件下載官網下載最新章節(在手機通過無線升級Youtube時 提示下載完成 點擊安裝 但是一打開就顯示解析包時錯誤 應該怎么辦)
- 02 上海對外經貿大學翻碩怎么樣(MTI 翻譯碩士英語 作文怎么寫呢?)
- 01 youtube軟件下載官網下載電腦版下載(華為怎么下載youtube這個軟件)
- 01 youtube軟件下載手機版安裝包百度(youtube相當于中國的什么軟件)
- 02 上海對外經貿大學藝術類招生簡章(上海對外經貿大學是一本還是二本)
- 02 上海對外經貿大學法學碩士有哪些專業(在上海對外經貿大學讀法學研究生是一種什么體驗)
- 02 上海對外經貿大學數字營銷實驗班(2023上海春考難度)
- 01 youtube軟件下載方法2022 pdf網盤(ipad32022看youtube會卡嗎)
- 01 youtube軟件下載官網最新消息2022(YouTubeVideoBuilderReview2022-好吧,但非常有限)
热门文章
站长推荐
01 youtube軟件下載手機版官方正式免費版(在手機通過無線升級Youtube時 提示下載完成 點擊安裝 但是一打開就顯示解析包時錯誤 應該怎么辦)
01 youtube軟件下載手機版官方下載2022(有哪些發視頻賺錢的軟件?)
01 youtube軟件下載手機版下載到桌面(國外用什么軟件聽歌)
01 youtube軟件下載官網免費中文在線(YouTube是什么軟件?)
01 youtube軟件下載官網免費版ios(什么軟件可以分享屏幕)
01 youtube軟件下載手機版中文版(華為怎么下載youtube這個軟件)
02 上海對外經貿大學法律非法學錄取人數情況(對外經貿大學法律碩士(非法學)歷年分數線是多少?)
02 上海對外經貿大學檔案郵寄(高三自主招生考試有怎樣的流程參加需要做怎樣的準備)