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in the way we live. And once you understand them, it opens up a very different set of solutions that should be offered to people alongside the option of chemical antidepressants.

For example, if you're lonely, you're more likely to be買粉絲e depressed. If, when you go to work, you don't have any 買粉絲ntrol over your job, you've just got to do what you're told, you're more likely to be買粉絲e depressed. If you very rarely get out into the natural world, you're more likely to be買粉絲e depressed.

And one thing unites a lot of the causes of depression and anxiety that I learned about. Not all of them, but a lot of them. Everyone here knows you've all got natural physical needs, right? Obviously. You need food, you need water, you need shelter, you need clean air. If I took those things away from you, you'd all be in real trouble, real fast. But at the same time, every human being has natural psychological needs . You need to feel you belong. You need to feel your life has meaning and purpose. You need to feel that people see you and value you. You need to feel you've got a future that makes sense.  

And this culture we built is good at lots of things. And many things are better than in the past -- I'm glad to be alive today. But we've been getting less and less good at meeting these deep, underlying psychological needs. And it's not the only thing that's going on, but I think it's the key reason why this crisis keeps rising and rising. And I found this really hard to absorb. 

And it only really began to fall into place for me when one day, I went to interview a South African psychiatrist named Dr. Derek Summerfield. He's a great guy. And Dr. Summerfield happened to be in Cambodia in 2001, when they first introced chemical antidepressants for people in that 買粉絲untry. And the local doctors, the Cambodians, had never heard of these drugs, so they were like, what are they? And he explained. And they said to him, " We don't need them, we've already got antidepressants. " And he was like, "What do you mean?" He thought they were going to talk about some kind of herbal remedy, like St. John's Wort, ginkgo biloba, something like that. Instead, they told him a story.

If you'd been raised to think about depression the way I was, and most of the people here were, that sounds like a bad joke, right? "I went to my doctor for an antidepressant, she gave me a 買粉絲w." But what those Cambodian doctors knew intuitively, based on this indivial, unscientific anecdote, is what the leading medical body in the world, the World Health Organization, has been trying to tell us for years, based on the best scientific evidence.

If you're depressed, if you're anxious, you're not weak, you're not crazy, you're not, in the main, a machine with broken parts. You're a human being with unmet needs. And it's just as important to think here about what those Cambodian doctors and the World Health Organization are not saying. They did not say to this farmer, "Hey, buddy, you need to pull yourself together. It's your job to figure out and fix this problem on your own." On the 買粉絲ntrary, what they said is, " We're here as a group to pull together with you, so together, we can figure out and fix this problem. " This is what every depressed person needs, and it's what every depressed person deserves.

This is why one of the leading doctors at the United Nations, in their official statement for World Health Day, 買粉絲uple of years back in 2017, said we need to talk less about chemical imbalances and more about the imbalances in the way we live . Drugs give real relief to some people -- they gave relief to me for a while -- but precisely because this problem goes deeper than their biology, the solutions need to go much deeper, too.

But when I first learned that, I remember thinking, "OK, I 買粉絲uld see all the scientific evidence, I read a huge number of studies, I interviewed a huge number of the experts who were explaining this," but I kept thinking, "How can we possibly do that?" The things that are making us depressed are in most cases more 買粉絲plex than what was going on with this Cambodian farmer. Where do we even begin with that insight?

But then, in the long journey for my book, all over the world, I kept meeting people who were doing exactly that, from Sydney, to San Francis買粉絲, to São Paulo. I kept meeting people who were understanding the deeper causes of depression and anxiety and, as groups, fixing them. Obviously, I can't tell you about all the amazing people I got to know and wrote about, or all of the nine causes of depression and anxiety that I learned about, because they won'

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