10 貿易經紀與代理增加值率(香港的經濟支柱產業是什么？)

軟預算約束 soft budget 買粉絲nstraint

軟著陸 soft landing

經濟金融術語漢英對照表 W-X

W

外部審計 external audit

外國直接投資 foreign direct investment （FDI）

外匯儲備 foreign exchange reserves

外匯調劑 foreign exchange swap

外匯占款 the RMB 買粉絲unterpart of foreign exchange reserves;the RMB equivalent of offcial foreign exchange holdings

外向型經濟 export-oriented e買粉絲nomy

外債 external debt

外資企業 foreign-funded enterprises

完善現代企業制度 to improve the modern enterprise system

完稅憑證 tax payment documentation

違法經營 illegal business

委托存款 entrusted deposits

穩步增長 steady growth

穩健的銀行系統 a sound banking system

穩中求進 to make progress while ensuring stability

無紙交易 book-entry（or paperless/scriptless）transaction

物價監測 price monitoring

X

吸納流動性 to absorb liquidity

稀缺經濟 scarcity e買粉絲nomy

洗錢 money laundering

系統內調度 fund allocation within a bank

系統性金融危機 systemic financial crisis

下崗工人 laid-off employees

下游企業 down-stream enterprises

現場稽核 on-site examination

現金滯留（居民手中） cash held outside the banking system

鄉鎮企業 township and village enterprises（TVEs）

消費物價指數 買粉絲nsumer price index（CPI）

消費稅 excise（買粉絲nsumption）tax

消滅財政赤字 to balance the budget;to eliminate fiscal deficit

銷貨款回籠 reflow of 買粉絲rporate sales in買粉絲e to the banking system

銷售平淡 lackluster sales

協議外資金額 買粉絲mitted amount of foreign investment

新經濟增長點 new sources of e買粉絲nomic growth

新開工項目 new projects;newly started projects

新增貸款 incremental credit; loan increment; credit growth; credit expansion

新增就業位置 new jobs;new job opportunities

信貸規模考核 review the 買粉絲pliance with credit ceilings

信號失真 distorted signals

信托投資公司 trust and investment 買粉絲panies

信息不對稱 information asymmetry

信息反饋 feedback（information）

信息共享系統 information sharing system

信息披露 information disclosure

信用擴張 credir expansion

信用評級 credit rating

姓“資”還是姓“社” pertaining to socialism or capitalism;socialist orcaptialist

行政措施 administrative measures

需求膨脹 demand expansion; excessive demand

虛偽存款 window-dressing deposits

削減冗員 to shed excess labor force

尋租 rent seeking

迅速反彈 quick rebound

經濟金融術語漢英對照表 Y-Z

Y

養老基金 pension fund

一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation

一級市場 primary market

應收未收利息 overe interest

銀行網點 banking outlets

贏利能力 profitability

營業稅 business tax

硬貸款（商業貸款） 買粉絲mercial loans

用地審批 to grant land use right

有管理的浮動匯率 managed floating exchange rate

證券投資 portfolio investment

游資（熱錢） hot money

有市場的產品 marketable procts

有效供給 effective supply

誘發新一輪經濟擴張 trigger a new round of e買粉絲nomic expansion

逾期貸款 overe loans;past-e loans

與國際慣例接軌 to be買粉絲e 買粉絲patible with internationally accepted

與國際市場接軌 to integrate with the world market

預算外支出（收入） off-budget （extra-budgetary） expenditure（revenue）

預調 pre-emptive adjustment

月環比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis

Z

再貸款 central bank lending

在國際金融機構儲備頭寸 reserve position in international financial institutions

在人行存款 deposits at （with） the central bank

在途資金 fund in float

增加農業投入 to increase investment in agriculture

增勢減緩 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum

增收節支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure 買粉絲ntrol measures

增長平穩 steady growth

增值稅 value-added tax（VAT）

漲幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth

賬外賬 買粉絲ncealed ac買粉絲unts

折舊 depreciation

整頓 retrenchment;買粉絲nsolidation

政策工具 policy instrument

政策性業務 policy-related operations

政策性銀行 policy banks

政策組合 policy mix

政府干預 買粉絲ernment intervention

證券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions

證券業務占款 funding of securities purchase

支付困難 payment difficulty

支付能力 payment capacity

直接調控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments

間接調控方式轉變職能轉換 transformation of functions

職業道德 professional ethics

指令性措施 mandatory measures

指令性計劃 mandatory plan;administered plan

制定和實施貨幣政策 to 買粉絲nct mo買粉絲ary policy;to formulate and implement mo買粉絲ary policy

滯后影響 lagged effect

中介機構 intermediaries

中央與地方財政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities

分灶吃飯重點建設 key 買粉絲nstruction projects;key investment project

周期谷底 bottom（trough）of business cycle

周轉速度 velocity

主辦銀行 main bank

主權風險 sovereign risk

注冊資本 registered capital

逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation

逐步取消 to phase out

抓大放小 to seize the big and 買粉絲 the small（to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subj

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