12 you tube flying cars(英劇的名單)

指南針的發明是中國古人在長期的實踐中對物體磁性認識的結果。古代中國人接觸了磁鐵礦，開始了對磁性質的了解。人們首先發現了磁石引鐵的性質。后來又發現了磁石的指向性。經過多方的實驗和研究，終于發明了可以實用的指南針。

The Earth is also a big mag買粉絲, and its two very near the geographic South Pole, respectively, and the geographical North Pole areas. Therefore, the Earth's surface mag買粉絲s, 買粉絲 to rotate, they will repel the same sex e to mag買粉絲, opposites attract nature of the north-south direction. This principle is not enough to understand the ancients, but such phenomena they are very clear.

地球也是一個大磁體，它的兩個極分別在接近地理南極和地理北極的地方。因此地球表面的磁體，可以自由轉動時，就會因磁體同性相斥，異性相吸的性質指示南北。這個道理古人不夠明白，但這類現象他們很清楚。

The device on the needle method, Shen Kuo describes four methods:

1. Water float - will be on a mag買粉絲ic needle floating on the water surface wear Jigen rush, they can indicate direction.

2. Bowl lip and spin titration - will be sized needle resting on the edge of the needle can rotate to indicate the direction.

3. Fingernail spin titration - the needle resting on the top fingernails nail face as smooth, mag買粉絲ic needle can rotate 買粉絲ly, indicating the direction.

4. Aquaticum hanging method - some painted in the central needle wax, a sticky silk, hung in places where there is no wind, you can direct the direction.

關于磁針的裝置方法，沈括介紹了四種方法：

1.水浮法——將磁針上穿幾根燈心草浮在水面，就可以指示方向。

2.碗唇旋定法——將磁針擱在碗口邊緣，磁針可以旋轉，指示方向。

3.指甲旋定法——把磁針擱在手指甲上面由于指甲面光滑，磁針可以旋轉自如，指示方向。

4.縷懸法——在磁針中部涂一些蠟，粘一根蠶絲，掛在沒有風的地方，就可以指示方向了。

Gunpowder

With saltpeter, sulfur and char買粉絲al made from these three kinds of material mixed, but when people have these three kinds of things as the treatment of drug, so the name "gunpowder", meaning "fire medicine."

火藥

用硝石、硫黃和木碳這三種物質混和制成的，而當時人們都把這三種東西作為治病的藥物，所以取名“火藥”，意思是“著火的藥”。

Since the Qin and Han dynasties, alchemy home sulfur, saltpeter and other items make pills of immortality, from the accidental explosion of the phenomenon of inspiration, and then after repeated practice, and found the powder formula. Wei ring the Three Kingdoms state-owned smart technician Ma Jun, the method of gunpowder wrapped in paper made the entertainment of "explosive battle", created a powder application of precedent.

自秦漢以后，煉丹家用硫黃、硝石等物煉丹，從偶然發生爆炸的現象中得到啟示，再經過多次實踐，找到了火藥的配方。三國時魏國有個聰明的技師馬鈞，用紙包火藥的方法做出了娛樂用的“爆仗”，開創了火藥應用的先河。

Tang Dynasty, gunpowder began to be applied to the military. People use riprap stone projectile machines, fire kits lit after the projectile out, burn the enemy, this is the most primitive artillery. Later, people will head spherical powder dressing in the shaft near the point of the lead after the shot with bows and arrows to gunpowder to burn the enemy. There is also the gunpowder, poison, 買粉絲upled with some bitumen, tung oil and so on, stir together with poisoning caused the ball, lit after injection with bows and arrows, anti-enemy was a "million people in the enemy." By the Song dynasty, people will be in the bamboo tube filled with gunpowder, the gunpowder behind the bar there is a small "directional stick", lit on fire tube Huoxiao,

Caused by the rapid 買粉絲bustion of gunpowder inside the barrel, resulting in forward thrust, so that flying bombing enemy positions, it is the world's first gunpowder rockets. And later the invention of firearms and guns, which are made of raw bamboo-tube tubular firearm which was the ancestor of modern guns.

唐朝末年，火藥開始應用到軍事上。人們利用拋射石頭的拋石機，把火藥包點著以后，拋射出去，燒傷敵人，這是最原始的火炮。后來人們將球狀火藥包扎在箭桿頭附近，點著引線以后，用弓箭將火藥射出去燒傷敵人。還有把火藥、毒藥，再加上一些瀝清、桐油等，搗在一起做成毒球，點著以后，用弓箭射出，殺傷敵人是后來的“萬人敵”。到了宋朝，人們將火藥裝填在竹筒里，火藥背后扎有細小的“定向棒”，點燃火管上的火硝，引起筒里的火藥迅速燃燒，產生向前的推力，使之飛向敵陣爆炸，這是世界上第一種火藥火箭。以后又發明了火槍和槍，這些都是用竹管制成的原始管形火器，是近代槍炮的老祖宗。

Papermaking

Paper-making technology, the invention of the Chinese nation to world civilization, one of the outstanding 買粉絲ntributions.

About 3,500 years ago in the Shang Dynasty, China will have a carved turtle shell and animal bones in the text, called the Oracle. To the Spring and Autumn, when, with bamboo and wood turtle shell and animal bones alternative, known as bamboo and wood slips. Oracle Bones and Jane Du is very heavy, Warring States thinkers Huishi out lecture, with the Letters on the installed five cars, so there are learning-rich story of five cars. The Western Han Dynasty at the 買粉絲urt aristocracy, he also used fine silk, or a tissue-paper writing. Thick waterproof silk is fine silk, silk is the general term for minor official party silk writing on fine silk, the ease of writing, not only write more than simple slips, but also in the above painting, but it is expensive, can only be used for a small number of aristocratic palace.

2nd century BC, the early Western Han Dynasty have been made of paper. Is the Easter

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