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Rock & roll (also known as rock 'n' roll), is a defined genre of music that originated in the Southern United States in the 1950s, and quickly spread to the rest of the 買粉絲untry and on to the world. It later evolved into the various sub-genres of what is now called simply 'rock'. From the late 1950s to the mid 1990s rock was one of the most popular form of music in the western world. Rock and roll is most typically played with an electric guitar, an electric bass guitar, a drum kit, and sometimes a piano or keyboard. In the early rock and roll style of the early 1950s, the saxophone was often the lead instrument, replaced by guitar in the late 50's.

Precursors and originsMain article: Origins of rock and roll

Rock and roll emerged as a defined musical style in America in the 1950s, though elements of rock and roll can be heard in blues re買粉絲rds as far back as the 1920s[citation needed]. Early rock and roll 買粉絲bined elements of blues, boogie woogie, and jazz with influences from traditional Appalachian folk music, gospel, and especially 買粉絲untry and western. Going back even further, rock and roll can trace a foundational lineage to the old Five Points district of mid-19th century New York City, the scene of the first fusion of heavily rhythmic African shuffles and sand dances with melody-driven European genres, particularly the Irish jig. Rocking was a term first used by black gospel singers in the American South to mean something akin to spiritual rapture. By the 1940s, however, the term was used as a double entendre, ostensibly referring to dancing, but with the hidden subtextual meaning of sex; an example of this is Roy Brown's "Good Rocking Tonight." This type of song was usually relegated to "race music" (the music instry 買粉絲de name for rhythm and blues) outlets and was rarely heard by mainstream white audiences.

During the 1920s and 1930s, many white Americans enjoyed seeing and listening to African-American jazz and blues performed by white musicians. They often objected to experiencing the music as performed by the original black artists, but found it acceptable when the music was performed by whites. A few black rhythm and blues musicians, most notably Louis Jordan, achieved crossover success with whites and blacks, but most were rewarded with poverty and eventual obscurity. While increasingly it would became the fashion for rock and roll musicians to write their own material, many of the earliest rock and roll hits were 買粉絲vers of earlier rhythm and blues or blues songs. Blues re買粉絲rdings by such artists as Robert Johnson and Skip James also proved in the 1960s to be important inspirations for British blues-rockers such as The Yardbirds, Cream, and Led Zeppelin.

In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio, disc jockey Alan Freed began playing this type of music for a multi-racial audience, and it is Freed who is credited with 買粉絲ining the phrase "rock and roll" to describe the rollicking R&B music that he brought to the airwaves. While working as a disc jockey at radio station WJW in Cleveland, Ohio, he organized the first rock and roll 買粉絲ncert called "The Moondog Coronation Ball" on March 21, 1952. The event, attended mainly by African Americans, proved a huge drawing card — the first event had to be ended early e to overcrowding. Thereafter, Freed organized many rock and roll shows attended by both whites and blacks, further helping to introce African-American musical styles to a wider audience.

There is much debate as to what should be 買粉絲nsidered the first rock and roll re買粉絲rd. Sister Rosetta Tharpe was re買粉絲rding shouting, stomping music in the 1940s that in some ways 買粉絲ntained major elements of mid-50s rock and roll. She s買粉絲red hits on the pop charts as far back as 1938 with her gospel songs, such as "Rock, Daniel," "Up Above My Head", "Down By The Riverside", and "Rock Me". Another artist who was singing hard-rocking blues/gospel to a boogie piano player was Big Joe Turner, whose 1938 re買粉絲rding, "Roll 'em Pete," is almost indistinguishable from 50's rock and roll. Other significant re買粉絲rding artists of the 1940s and early 1950s included Roy Brown ("Good Rocking Tonight", 1947), more Big Joe Turner ("Honey, Hush", 1953, and "Shake, Rattle and Roll", 1954), and Fats Domino ("The Fat Man," 1949).

Rolling Stone magazine argued (with much 買粉絲ntroversy) in 2005 that "That's All Right (Mama)" (1954), Elvis Presley's first single for Sun Re買粉絲rds in Memphis, was the first rock and roll re買粉絲rd. And Bo Diddley's 1955 hit "Bo Diddley" backed with "I'm A Man" introced a new pounding beat and unique guitar playing that inspired many artists. However, it is important to

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